CCCH9006 China: Culture, State and Society
China’s Modernization in the East Asian Context

This course is under the thematic cluster(s) of:

  • Sustaining Cities, Cultures, and the Earth (SCCE)

Course Description

This course examines China’s search for modernity from the nineteenth century to the present in a comparative East Asian context. It explores how China moved from an agrarian, imperial, and Sino-centric order toward a modern nation-state, and how this uneven and contested transformation compares with developments in Japan, Korea, and the wider region.

Modernization is examined as a historical process involving political institutions, socioeconomic change, cultural identity, ethical ideals, public life, and international order. Major topics include late Qing reforms, the fall of the imperial system, the Republican era, socialist revolution, and reform and opening. Particular attention is given to the Self-Strengthening Movement, institutional reforms, intellectual change, and the comparative significance of Japan’s Meiji Restoration.

Course Learning Outcomes

On completing the course, students will be able to:

  1. Explain major historical forces shaping China’s modernization from the nineteenth century to the present in East Asian and global contexts.
  2. Compare China’s modernization with selected East Asian cases, especially Japan and Korea, with attention to similarities, differences, and regional interactions.
  3. Analyze modernization as a historical process involving political institutions, socioeconomic change, cultural identity, ethical ideals, public life, and international order.
  4. Evaluate competing interpretations of China’s modern transformation from historical, comparative, and interdisciplinary perspectives.
  5. Apply concepts from history, political thought, and institutional analysis to critically understand contemporary China and East Asia.

Offer Semester and Day of Teaching

First semester (Wed)


Study Load

Activities Number of hours
Lectures 24
Tutorials 8
Reading / Self-study 42
Assessment: Tutorial participation 8
Assessment: Group presentation (incl preparation) 20
Assessment: In-class quizzes (incl preparation) 36
Total: 138

Assessment: 100% coursework

Assessment Tasks Weighting
Tutorial participation and assignments/discussions 20
Group presentation 20
In-class quizzes 60

Assigned course texts and supplementary references will be used selectively. Students are not expected to read any listed book in full unless otherwise specified. Required readings will consist of selected chapters, excerpts, and short sections assigned according to weekly topics and discussed in lectures and tutorials.

Assigned Course Texts:

  • Mitter, R. (2025). Modern China: A Very Short Introduction (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. [Selected chapters]
  • Goto-Jones, C. (2009). Modern Japan: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press. [Selected chapters]

Supplementary References:

  • Spence, J. D., & Chen, J. (2025). The Search for Modern China (4th ed.). New York: W.W. Norton. [pp. 99-136; 180-224; 244-263; 501-523]

Course Co-ordinator and Teacher(s)

Course Co-ordinator Contact
Dr I.C.Y. Lowe 
Faculty of Arts
Email: isalowe@hku.hk 
Teacher(s) Contact
Dr I.C.Y. Lowe 
Faculty of Arts
Email: isalowe@hku.hk